Structure of Software Development Industry in the Philippines free essay sample

1. Industry Structure Outsourcing is contracting out some work or specific capacity to another organization or individual. This is done to save money on cost and time since the outsider supplier or the specialist organizations as a rule consents to render administrations at lesser cost. During the financial blast in mid 1990s, redistributing has expanded on the grounds that a large portion of the monetarily propelled nations send work to organizations in other creating countries. The Offshore and Outsourcing (OO) industry in the Philippines previously began during the 1990s, however truly began developing decisively toward the beginning of this decade (http://www. sourcingline. om/). As late as 2004, the business was uniquely about $1. 5 billion, yet developed at practically half for quite a while and is currently assessed to be developing at about 30% every year. The OO business is commonly separated into four significant fragments: the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), Informatio n Technology Outsourcing (ITO), Engineering Services Outsourcing (ESO) and Knowledge Process Outsourcing (KPO). We will compose a custom paper test on Structure of Software Development Industry in the Philippines or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The BPO organizations involve 76% of the all out OO industry, while the ITO and ESO organizations are about 19% and 5%, separately. The figure beneath (Figure ) shows the level of every one of the redistributing section with the exception of KPO. The market arrangement of BPO is additionally definite in the figure. Note: No information accessible for KPO. Source: BPAP The Philippines is a main country in the business procedure re-appropriating (BPO) advertise, both in contact focus administrations and the non-voice area. In the previous 7 years, BPO has been one of the quickest developing divisions in the Philippines. It is a rising player in the IT administrations showcase (Web structure, programming advancement, application upkeep, and so on ) with organizations concentrating on specialty sections, for example, liveliness. It is likewise a home to a USD $350 million seaward re-appropriate programming administrations area (www1. american. edu/). The essential focal point of the Philippines programming advancement firms is on frameworks and application improvement and support of heritage applications. Its order of English and social proclivity for the US makes it simpler to draw in organizations looking to change at their low-level upkeep work seaward. (http://www. awsys-I. com). The essential movement of Software Development section is to embrace complex programming advancement ventures concentrated on theâ development of modified, refined programming in zones requiring a custom-made methodology by groups of developers situated at seaward improvement places or at the client site (http://www. bsgr. com). Programming Development Outsourcing is raising enthusiasm to all the more abroad IT organizations because of different reasons. Redistributing of programming improvement offers a blend of diminished cost, better quality and quicker an ideal opportunity to the market administrations. Beside cost, the strategy, capacity and ce nter rivalry are assuming the key job in programming redistributing. Programming Development Outsourcing has been renowned in the past time, or as ahead of schedule as the 1776s. In 1990, Indian government followed this program of monetary and had the option to control all the frameworks through approaches and guidelines. The worldwide Information Technology Services (ITS) sends out by nation in 2008 (Figure ) shows that the significant suppliers of seaward programming advancement are India, Philippines, China, Mexico, Russia and Brazil. Two of the greatest contenders of the Philippines redistributing businesses are its Asian neighbors †India and China. From the graph above, India overwhelms the worldwide ITS business sectors by taking on 72% of worldwide pieces of the overall industry. The Philippines takes 10% of that pie beating China at 4%. Contrasted with the two nations, the country’s populace is astoundingly lower. However, key factors, for example, a closer partiality to western culture and the more wealthy English-talking aptitudes of the Philippine workforce, puts the nation at standard in the opposition and in picking up piece of the overall industry. Sources: Locsin (2006), Cu (2006), NeoIT (2004), Deutsche Bank Research and NASSCOM (2005) as refered to in Schaaf (2005), NASSCOM and McKinsey (2005) as refered to in Nandy (2006). Looking at the nation against India, the figures above show that by rate, the nation surpasses BPO work in labor power. Be that as it may, by huge, India, as of the date of these anticipated qualities, rules the Software and IT administrations specialty. This could likewise be credited to the center skills portrayed, in which the Philippines plays emphatically in the contact place, translations, movement and back-office tasks. As per Maity (2011), Software Development Outsourcing can be classified principally into two: one is item designing and the second is re-appropriated advancement work. The vast majority of these can have 2 perspectives which is the structure something new and afterward the help and support side of it. And afterward every one of them additionally has a few different parts where somebody may very well re-appropriate, plan, improvement, testing, documentation, and together they make up the every class. The distinction between the two classes is that item designing is RD related. These organizations own the IT and they need some portion of it to be redistributed †that is the item designing. The redistributed improvement work is fundamentally for organizations who use programming for their tasks. A case of this is an organization who needs to assemble a HR framework, or a carrier who needs to manufacture its booking framework. 1. 1. Firms in the Industry In 2006, Philippines has 516 firms giving seaward and redistributing administrations that expanded in number to around 620 out of 2007. At present, there are about 400+ SEC-enlisted organizations in the Philippines explicit for programming industry yet not all are operational (Maity, 2011). There are roughly 80,000 programming engineers in the nation. The pyramid of a run of the mill organization shows that 85% of the workforces are software engineers while Admin involve 5% (www. tholons. com). The Philippine Software Industry Association (PSIA), established by ten Filipino-claimed organizations in 1988, has 120 individuals made out of driving global firms and neighborhood little to-medium nearby endeavors (SMEs). The individuals list is appeared at Appendix 1 (www. psia. organization). These part organizations make up 90% of the business incomes. Around 300 additional organizations that are outside PSIA generally are fire up or SMEs. Therefore, programming advancement industry in the Philippines is overwhelmed by little players and not very many huge organizations like Accenture and IBM. In the worldwide field, the significant players in Software Development Outsourcing are the accompanying: Accenture, Capgmini, Cognizant Technology Solutions, CSC, EDS, HCL, IBM, Infosys Technologies, Patni Computer Systems, Sapient, Satyam, Syntel, and Wipro. In an ongoing report, the PSIA has grouped programming advancement redistributing organizations to have the option to make sense of the requirements of the market. There is essentially what we call huge worldwide innovation organizations: Accenture, HP †sectioned as those with around 1000 representatives (Maity, 2011). There is likewise what is named as prisoners †for the most part those with 500 representatives. Maity (2011) further clarifies, â€Å"The contrast between the worldwide tech organizations and prisoners, hostages don't work together of IT. They do IT for their own IT needs like JP Morgan Chase Bank and like that. So JP Morgan Chase falls into this class, huge hostage. . The little organizations would resemble 120-110 individuals who resemble Travelocity. Travelocity is one of the brands, on tagging and reservations. These organizations in size are around 100 individuals or something like that. Essentially they don't sell IT administration, they do IT inside ( Maity, 2011). In the neighborhood scene, there are enormous nearby and what we call small scale SME (Maity, 2011). Smaller scale SMEs are those concentrating on the Philippines advertise, simply like taking into account the banks and others, and redistributing markets. And afterward, there are not many in the item and has their very own IT. Manila and Cebu positioned No. also, 9, individually, in an investigation led by Tholons’ (2010) â€Å"Top 100 Cities in the World for Outsourcing† (Figure 3). At present, around 20% of the IT-BPO organizations are situated outside the principle metropolitan zones of Manila and Cebu and this pattern is relied upon to proceed. The nation is as of now seeing the effect of the IT-BPO industry on provincial networks, as different urban communities outside Metro Manila rise as new IT-BPO centers or the Next Wave Cities (http://www. welive2care. com/). Remembered for the rundown of Tholons’ are the urban areas of Davao No. 69, Sta. Rosa (Laguna) No. 88, Iloilo No. 8 and Bacolod No. 100. The common government is additionally setting up the Negros First CyberPark, a blended utilized complex comprising of in excess of 12,000 square meters of room for BPO administrations at a three-story working to be worked at the Paglaum Sports Complex, which will give in excess of 1,000 employments. (http://www. welive2care. com/). The Global positioning of Tholons for the nation is fortified by the capabilities of numerous Filipino IT experts having worldwide accreditations credited and given by top programming sellers and stages, for example, the accompanying: * Microsoft Certified Professionals (MCP) CISCO Certified Network Associates * Computer Associates Certification * SUN Certified Programmer for JAVA2 * IBM Certification * Network+ 1. 2. Benefits of the Industry The benefit of programming improvement re-appropriating industry is difficult to decide (Maity, 2011). For as long as years, the huge worldwide innovation orga nizations practice what they call â€Å"transfer pricing†. Out of 45,000 organizations, around 20,000 to 25,000 organizations do move valuing. This implies the organization simply pass the costs to its mom organization in this manner, winding up the year with in fact zero benefits. They are not for benefit in any case, they are assume to oblige the maxim

It Is Curious To Note The Role Of Women In Shakespearean Literature. M

It is interested to take note of the job of ladies in Shakespearean writing. Numerous pundits have thrashed the female characters in his plays as two-dimensional and ridiculous depictions of docile ladies. Others have declared that the jobs of ladies in his plays were unmistakable for the time and culture that he lived in. That such differentiating perspectives could be held with respect to a similar point is scholastic. It is just with close assessment of his works that we can assume his expectation in making characters that rouse so much debate. Two works, Taming of the Shrew, and Twelfth Night, stand apart especially well with respect to Shakespeare's utilization of female characters. In the wake of looking at these two plays, one will see that Shakespeare, however fitting in with contemporary perspectives of ladies, bypassed them by making undaunted female characters with a solid feeling of self. The Taming of the Shrew is one of Shakespeare's most acclaimed plays, and has endured very much into our cutting edge time with adjustments into mainstream TV arrangement, for example, Moonlighting. For all the adulates it has earned consistently, it is interested to take note of that many have believed it to be one of his generally dubious in his treatment of ladies. The restraining of Katherine has been battled as being too much savage by numerous journalists and pundits of the advanced period. George Bernard Shaw himself squeezed for its prohibiting during the nineteenth century (Peralta). The compliance of Katherine has been named as savage, out of date, and by and large disparaging. The play fixates on her and her absence of admirers. It builds up in the main demonstration her peevish attitude and its repercussions on her family. It is just with the presentation of the clever Petruchio as her admirer, that one starts to see a development in her character. Through an intricate ac t of embarrassing conduct, Petruchio lowers her and before the finish of the play, she will teach other ladies on the idea of being a decent and obedient spouse. In direct complexity to Shrew, is Twelfth Night, whose fundamental female hero is by a long shot the most grounded character in the play. The principle character Viola, has been abandoned in a remote land and receives the personality of her sibling so she may live autonomously without a spouse or gatekeeper. She fills in as a subject to a youthful, lovesick aristocrat named Orsino. All through the play she plays as a go-between for him to the lady he cherishes. Throughout her administration, she goes gaga for him. Just toward the end, does she disavow her male character and proclaims her adoration for him. The two plays depict female characters reluctant to acknowledge the female job of detachment. Katherine opposes this generalization by turning into a vixen, a savagely tempered and hostile lady. Viola masks herself as a man for the greater part of the play so as to protect her condition of choice. Katherine suffers censures, scolding, and embarrassment over the span of her picked resistance. Viola appreciates life and position as a man, and doesn't uncover who she is until the last scene of the play. Inquisitively enough, the two ladies intentionally acknowledge the jobs that society would force on them again at the end of the plays. It is imperative to note however, that they openly continue these jobs, and that they do as such out of their own feeling of self. For every lady, it is an individual decision dependent on their wants. On account of Katherine, she understands that legitimacy is as much a mark of sense of pride as regard for other people, and she has a spouse whom she nee d demonstrate nothing to in light of the fact that he as of now regards her. On account of Viola, she is infatuated with the youthful Orsino. Having discovered the man she would marry, the falsification of her male personality is not, at this point important, as she wants to be his significant other. Having seen the similitudes among Viola and Katherine, one should pay heed that they do have various conditions with respect to their conduct. The purpose behind Katherine's petulant aura is never given in the play, however numerous chiefs have deciphered it as a demonstration to dishearten admirers, much like Hamlet's pretended franticness. Others have ascribed it

Top 10 Leading and Most Innovative Franchise Businesses Worldwide

Top 10 Leading and Most Innovative Franchise Businesses Worldwide © Shutterstock.com | BlueguyThere are many multi-national franchises spread all over the world. However, it is not the expansion that has defined their success but rather their ability to innovate and adapt. This article talks  of 1) top 10 leading and innovative Franchises, followed by 2) how to make your franchise successful and 3) the characteristics of successful franchises.TOP 10 LEADING INNOVATIVE FRANCHISES1. Anytime FitnessAround 50.2 million people in America registered to fitness centers this year, based on the Worldwide Health, Racquet Sports Club Association. At present, approximately 1.9 million are Anytime Fitness members and the number is increasing each year, currently with 2500 clubs all around the world.Founded: 2002Headquarters: Hastings, MinnesotaSales: $484 millionNumber of Employees: 166Business Model: Fitness centers for the general population, mainly the elite and the middle class. 2. Hampton HotelsInitially Hampton Hotels were part of a division of Holiday Inn, which was later acquired by Promus Hotel Corporation, a hotel chain based in Memphis, Tennessee. Hamptons opened its hotels in 14 states along with its setup in Russia, Poland, Romania and the Netherlands last year. All in all they have locations in Europe, India and North America and are further expanding globally.Founded: 1983Headquarters: McLean, VirginiaSales: Not AvailableNumber of Employees: Not AvailableBusiness Model: The go-to Hotel targeting the elite population of the city. Therefore the price range is also a little expensive.3. SubwaySubway is a franchise of an American fast food restaurant. Its main USP is submarine sandwiches and salads. Last year in 2013, it introduced several key events. Most significant was in August when the sandwich tower crossed the 40,000-store mark, making it the biggest restaurant chain on the planet. Owned and managed by Doctors Associates, it is one of the fastest growing franchises in the world. Subway has its international head offic es in Connecticut and Milford, and five regional centers that assist in international operations. Furthermore, worldwide growth saw a better growth compared to United Sates sales by adding 1,600-plus locations last year, tapping Djibouti, Kenya, and Estonia for the first time.Founded: 1965Headquarters: Milford, ConnecticutSales: $18.8 billionNumber of Employees: Not AvailableBusiness Model: Providing fast food to the general population, creating a niche with its healthy lifestyle approach.4. SupercutsSupercuts, a franchise in hair salon has more than 2,000 locations all across the US. The salon was founded in San Francisco Bay Area, by Frank E. Emmett and Geoffrey M. Rappaport. The first salon location that still exists is in California. It is owned completely by a subsidiary of Regis. Its franchise locations in the United Kingdom are also owned by Regis.Founded: 1975Headquarters: Minneapolis, MinnesotaSales: Not availableNumber of Employees: Not AvailableBusiness Model: Supercuts p rovides affordable hair cuts.5. Jimmy Johns Gourmet SandwichesIt is a franchised sandwich eatery chain founded by Jimmy John Liautaud, specializing in delivery services. The company has expanded to over 2,000 locations over the last 30 years in around 43 countries. Moreover, the company has been opening just about 200 units every year for the past three consecutive years. However, 98 percent of the restaurants are franchise-owned as of 2013.Founded: 1983Headquarters: Illinois, USASales: Not AvailableNumber of Employees: Not AvailableBusiness Model: Jimmy John’s Gourmet Sandwiches targets the masses at large.6. 7-ElevenIt has more than 51,000 stores around the world and 10,200 in the United States. But you will find plenty of them. In the past several years 7-Eleven has become more than a cultural convenience shop. It offers hot-food menu, a low-cost lunch while keeping branded products inexpensive. It has managed to do so because of its considerable buying power that made the stor e into a quick shop stop.Founded: 1927Headquarters: Dallas, TexasSales: $84.8 billion (Estimated 2009)Number of Employees: 45,000 (2010 NA)Business Model: It targets the masses due to its low pricing strategy.7. ServproServpro is a 45-year-old organization using more than 1,600 models within the United States of America, as well as Canada, because of which it is among the biggest restoration companies in the United States. Coming to maturity means for Servpro that it may be able to achieve more than its rivals, like responding simultaneously to a large group of clients with major problems. For example, last year Servpros Storm Team had dispatched 100s of deck hands to Colorado which was then a difficult area as it suffered flooding in September. While in June, Canada and Alberta went through a disastrous torrent.Founded: 1967Headquarters: Gallatin, TennesseeSales: Not AvailableNumber of Employees: 350 (Corporate), 1600 FranchisesBusiness Model: It caters to the mass population. Due to the company’s age, it has a niche of its own so that its prices are also high.8. DennysIt might call itself Americas diner, However, Dennys is becoming the most preferred hangout for the whole Western Hemisphere. This past year, the chain that has approximately 1,700 models, made its first transfer to South America by setting up a bistro in Santiago, Chile with plans of ten more within the next fifteen years. That contributes to units in Canada, the Caribbean, Central America, New Zealand and Mexico.Founded: 1953Headquarters: Spartanburg, South Carolina.Sales: $2.5 billion (2013)Number of Employees: Around 8,250Business Model: Denny’s provides reasonably prived American food.9. Pizza HutIn the last decade, Pizza Hut has gained a status of a researcher, experimenting with stuffed crusts amongst other things. On its 55th anniversary in the year 2013, the organization experienced one of its most creative years yet, starting Crazy Cheesy Crust, Firebaked-Style Flatbreads, Large P izza Slider and three-Cheese Stuffed Crust pizzas. However, it further added more than hundreds of domestic stores last year, getting its fleet to approximately 8,000 franchise units in the United States.Founded: 1958Headquarters: Plano, TexasSales: Not AvailableNumber of Employees: More than 160,000Business Model: Affordable American food for the masses.10. Dunkin DonutsDunkin Donuts made its name with people who are early risers and is symbolized by the time to help make the inflatable donuts” man. After functioning for more than six decades, Dunkin Inflatable donuts is marketing itself as right for all occasions and for all customers; from individuals searching for a fast sugary treat or coffee for individuals who wish to relax abroad having a healthy snack.Founded:1950Headquarters: Canton, MassachusettsSales: $6.9 billion USD (estimated 2012)Number of Employees: More than 1100 permanent employees in HeadquarterBusiness Model: With its ready to go products, it has found loyal c ustomers.HOW TO MAKE YOUR FRANCHISE SUCCESSFUL?So why do few franchises thrive while others close down? At times the concept of a franchise or the franchise location tells the success story, but mainly it is related to the franchisee. Read on for tips to improve your odds for a successful franchise.1. Choose the best business for youFranchisees with prior relevant experience tend to run a business far better than individuals who arent within their element. How can you be sure that the franchise you’re purchasing fits your skill-set? It’s simple: brainstorm what you love to do the most. For instance, if you like kids, look for a franchise that enables you to utilize these emotions. Should you like technology, look for a pc-related franchise idea. Do not just consider the service or product, but what your day to day routine is going to be. You might enjoy cooking but possessing a cafe or restaurant is not going to be about only food. Actually, most of your tasks call for controlli ng, employing, training and firing staff.Additionally, make sure your expertise matches exactly what the franchise will need from you.2. Improve your business skillsWhile franchisors will acquaint you with their system that will help you develop an effective outlet, most also require that you bring some fundamental business abilities to the table. Should you not know accounting basics, how can you read and understand financial documents or know when to employ and dismiss employees?In case your sales abilities are rusty, your understanding of economic taxation is a little shaky or you arent updated enough about internet marketing, consider going for a class to enhance your abilities. Continuously strive to expand your knowledge. These courses are frequently offered at nearby colleges/institutes and you will also find one-day workshops and online seminars (Internet-based workshops) that take a shorter period of time and less financial investment.3. Follow the systemOne of the reasons you select a specific franchise is because it features an effective system which attracts you. To be able to be effective, you need to discover the method. Don’t simply ‘get by’ through your early training but rather absorb everything that was conveyed within this training period. Make it a point to frequently browse the manuals. Ignore when other franchisees try to convince you that there is a better option compared to the one you have selected, a tried-and-tested system.When you apply changes yourself you place your franchise in danger or encounter unforeseen effects the franchisor has already expected. It is best to follow the system laid out for you.4. Have a Business planThe idea of assembling a strategic business plan may be intimidating for a franchising novice but it doesn’t have to be. It may be as easy as setting a few objectives and laying out a financial plan for the following year. If there is more doubt, request you franchisor for advice on how to move forward. 5. Take controlBenefits gained from a franchise are usually in terms of the support a franchisor can offer. However, the failure or success of the franchise is basically under your control. Your franchisor will instruct you and provide you with the various tools to construct a company-but you will still be handling it by yourself. Operation of day-to-day procedures of the outlet is naturally your responsibility. You are however, able to call the franchisor for queries but despite that choices and decisions ultimately belong to you. Embrace and revel in this freedom as it is an advantageous part of entrepreneurship.6. Avoid credit cardsThe unbelievably high rates on credit cards can gradually eat away your income and result in anxiety. To raise the required financing can be challenging, although not impossible. Be sure that you have ample cash before you decide to launch your company, and look for immediate financing if you notice a recession in your business ahead.7. Learn about you r industryWhen your franchise is ready to go, learn just as much you are able to regarding your new industry. Nearly each sector has associations and conferences where business proprietors assemble and share ideas. Other franchisees may also share knowledge of your industry and a  unique perspective.8. Never stop marketingLike a franchisee, your work may be the marketing and advertising of your products or services. Don’t let your franchisor be the one to remind you to begin marketing, evaluate the potency of both ways and share effective techniques together with your associate franchisees. If you are busy focusing managerial work over a marketing plan, youre restricting your ability to succeed.9. Should you find that you can’t sell, bring in help who willTo put it simply, many people don’t like marketing. They simply aren’t happy about picking up the telephone. But marketing and sales are an unavoidable part of just about any business. Should you not feel at ease handling this, you have to hire a company to do this job for you.TOP CHARACTERISTICS OF SUCCESSFUL FRANCHISEESRisk aversionAccording to many people to be successful as a franchiser you must know how to gamble. Those who have been successful in this business are risk averse. There is always a possibility for a start-up business to face some kind of failure, but a strong franchise has minimal risk. To be successful franchisees you must know what you are getting into and be prepared for it.System orientationEntrepreneurs have an out of control urge to re-invent the entire system since they are confident enough about their abilities to find out the way things should be carried out in order to maximize results. On the other hand, successful franchisees prefer proven systems rather than trying out untried approaches. They need a system of operation that could indicate the best possible method to do anything linked with the business. They are eager enough to learn from other associates in order to avoid mistakes and be more successful.Hard-work affinityTo be successful franchisees you must have the willingness to get the job done through hard work and innovative solutions. This could mean long hours and carrying out multiple tasks at the same time. Irrespective of the franchise you want, it will require a lot of work and patience to make it a success.Strong people skillsThose who have been successful franchisees always have outstanding interpersonal skills and have the ability to effectively communicate with both employees and clients. They apply these skills to create an atmosphere of loyalty, faith and value.Successful franchisees seek opportunities to observe others in their franchise system. They know that that they can’t come up with every answer so asking for assistance and helpful criticism is better. Moreover, with innovation, diligence and the right strategy, one can pave the way for success in a franchise business.Infographic by chander.shekhar.

The Myth of Er From the Republic of Plato

The Myth of Er from Platos Republic tells the story of a soldier, Er, who is thought to be dead and descends to the underworld. But when he revives he is sent back to tell humanity what awaits them in the afterlife.    Er describes an afterlife where the just are rewarded and the wicked are punished. Souls are then reborn into a new body and a new life, and the new life they choose will reflect how they have lived in their previous life and the state of their soul at death.   The Myth of Er (Jowett Translation) Well, I said, I will tell you a tale; not one of the tales which Odysseus tells to the hero Alcinous, yet this too is a tale of a hero, Er the son of Armenius, a Pamphylian by birth. He was slain in battle, and ten days afterwards, when the bodies of the dead were taken up already in a state of corruption, his body was found unaffected by decay, and carried away home to be buried. And on the twelfth day, as he was lying on the funeral pile, he returned to life and told them what he had seen in the other world. He said that when his soul left the body he went on a journey with a great company, and that they came to a mysterious place at which there were two openings in the earth; they were near together, and over against them were two other openings in the heaven above. In the intermediate space there were judges seated, who commanded the just, after they had given judgment on them and had bound their sentences in front of them, to ascend by the heavenly way on the right hand; and in like manner the unjust were bidden by them to descend by the lower way on the left hand; these also bore the symbols of their deeds, but fastened on their backs. He drew near, and they told him that he was to be the messenger who would carry the report of the other world to men, and they bade him hear and see all that was to be heard and seen in that place. Then he beheld and saw on one side the souls departing at either opening of heaven and earth when sentence had been given on them; and at the two other openings other souls, some ascending out of the earth dusty and worn with travel, some descending out of heaven clean and bright. And arriving ever and anon they seemed to have come from a long journey, and they went forth with gladness into the meadow, where they encamped as at a festival; and those who knew one another embraced and conversed, the souls which came from earth curiously enquiring about the things above, and the souls which came from heaven about the things beneath. And they told one another of what had happened by the way, those from below weeping and sorrowing at the remembrance of the things which they had endured and seen in their journey beneath the earth (now the journey lasted a thousand years), while those from above were describing heavenly delights and visions of inconceivable beauty. The story, Glaucon, would take too long to tell; but the sum was this:—He said that for every wrong which they had done to any one they suffered tenfold; or once in a hundred years—such being reckoned to be the length of mans life, and the penalty being thus paid ten times in a thousand years. If, for example, there were any who had been the cause of many deaths, or had betrayed or enslaved cities or armies, or been guilty of any other evil behavior, for each and all of their offences they received punishment ten times over, and the rewards of beneficence and justice and holiness were in the same proportion. I need hardly repeat what he said concerning young children dying almost as soon as they were born. Of piety and impiety to gods and parents, and of murderers, there were retributions other and greater far which he described. He mentioned that he was present when one of the spirits asked another, Where is Ardiaeus the Great? (Now this Ardiaeus lived a thousand years before the time of Er: he had been the tyrant of some city of Pamphylia, and had murdered his aged father and his elder brother, and was said to have committed many other abominable crimes.) The answer of the other spirit was: He comes not hither and will never come. And this, said he, was one of the dreadful sights which we ourselves witnessed. We were at the mouth of the cavern, and, having completed all our experiences, were about to reascend, when of a sudden Ardiaeus appeared and several others, most of whom were tyrants; and there were also besides the tyrants private individuals who had been great criminals: they were just, as they fancied, about to return into the upper world, but the mouth, instead of admitting them, gave a roar, whenever any of these incurable sinners or some one who had not been sufficiently punished tried to ascend; and then wild men of fiery aspect, who were standing by and heard the sound, seized and carried them off; and Ardiaeus and others they bound head and foot and hand, and threw them down and flayed them with scourges, and dragged them along the road at the side, carding them on thorns like wool, and declaring to the passers-by what were their crimes, and that they were being taken away to be cast into hell. And of all the many terrors which they had endured, he said that there was none like the terror which each of them felt at that moment, lest they should hear the voice; and when there was silence, one by one they ascended with exceeding joy. These, said Er, were the penalties and retributions, and there were blessings as great. Now when the spirits which were in the meadow had tarried seven days, on the eighth they were obliged to proceed on their journey, and, on the fourth day after, he said that they came to a place where they could see from above a line of light, straight as a column, extending right through the whole heaven and through the earth, in colour resembling the rainbow, only brighter and purer; another days journey brought them to the place, and there, in the midst of the light, they saw the ends of the chains of heaven let down from above: for this light is the belt of heaven, and holds together the circle of the universe, like the under-girders of a trireme. From these ends is extended the spindle of Necessity, on which all the revolutions turn. The shaft and hook of this spindle are made of steel, and the whorl is made partly of steel and also partly of other materials. Now the whorl is in form like the whorl used on earth; and the description of it implied that there is one large hollow whorl which is quite scooped out, and into this is fitted another lesser one, and another, and another, and four others, making eight in all, like vessels which fit into one another; the whorls show their edges on the upper side, and on their lower side all together form one continuous whorl. This is pierced by the spindle, which is driven home through the centre of the eighth. The first and outermost whorl has the rim broadest, and the seven inner whorls are narrower, in the following proportions—the sixth is next to the first in size, the fourth next to the sixth; then comes the eighth; the seventh is fifth, the fifth is sixth, the third is seventh, last and eighth comes the second. The largest (or fixed stars) is spangled, and the seventh (or sun) is brightest; the eighth (or moon) coloured by the reflected light of the seventh; the second and fifth (Saturn and Mercury) are in colour like one another, and yellower than the preceding; the third (Venus) has the whitest light; the fourth (Mars) is reddish; the sixth (Jupiter) is in whiteness second. Now the whole spindle has the same motion; but, as the whole revolves in one direction, the seven inner circles move slowly in the other, and of these the swiftest is the eighth; next in swiftness are the seventh, sixth, and fifth, which move together; third in swiftness appeared to move according to the law of this reversed motion the fourth; the third appeared fourth and the second fifth. The spindle turns on the knees of Necessity; and on the upper surface of each circle is a siren, who goes round with them, hymning a single tone or note. The eight together form one harmony; and round about, at equal intervals, there is another band, three in number, each sitting upon her throne: these are the Fates, daughters of Necessity, who are clothed in white robes and have chaplets upon their heads, Lachesis and Clotho and Atropos, who accompany with their voices the harmony of the sirens—Lachesis singing of the past, Clotho of the present, Atropos of the future; Clotho from time to time assisting with a touch of her right hand the revolution of the outer circle of the whorl or spindle, and Atropos with her left hand touching and guiding the inner ones, and Lachesis laying hold of either in turn, first with one hand and then with the other. When Er and the spirits arrived, their duty was to go at once to Lachesis; but first of all there came a prophet who arranged them in order; then he took from the knees of Lachesis lots and samples of lives, and having mounted a high pulpit, spoke as follows: Hear the word of Lachesis, the daughter of Necessity. Mortal souls, behold a new cycle of life and mortality. Your genius will not be allotted to you, but you will choose your genius; and let him who draws the first lot have the first choice, and the life which he chooses shall be his destiny. Virtue is free, and as a man honours or dishonours her he will have more or less of her; the responsibility is with the chooser—God is justified. When the Interpreter had thus spoken he scattered lots indifferently among them all, and each of them took up the lot which fell near him, all but Er himself (he was not allowed), and each as he took his lot perceived the number which he had obtained. Then the Interpreter placed on the ground before them the samples of lives; and there were many more lives than the souls present, and they were of all sorts. There were lives of every animal and of man in every condition. And there were tyrannies among them, some lasting out the tyrants life, others which broke off in the middle and came to an end in poverty and exile and beggary; and there were lives of famous men, some who were famous for their form and beauty as well as for their strength and success in games, or, again, for their birth and the qualities of their ancestors; and some who were the reverse of famous for the opposite qualities. And of women likewise; there was not, however, any definite character in them, because the soul, when choosing a new life, must of necessity become different. But there was every other quality, and the all mingled with one another, and also with elements of wealth and poverty, and disease and health; and there were mean states also. And here, my dear Glaucon, is the supreme peril of our human state; and therefore the utmost care should be taken. Let each one of us leave every other kind of knowledge and seek and follow one thing only, if peradventure he may be able to learn and may find some one who will make him able to learn and discern between good and evil, and so to choose always and everywhere the better life as he has opportunity. He should consider the bearing of all these things which have been mentioned severally and collectively upon virtue; he should know what the effect of beauty is when combined with poverty or wealth in a particular soul, and what are the good and evil consequences of noble and humble birth, of private and public station, of strength and weakness, of cleverness and dullness, and of all the natural and acquired gifts of the soul, and the operation of them when conjoined; he will then look at the nature of the soul, and from the consideration of all these qualities he will be able to determine which is the better and which is the worse; and so he will choose, giving the name of evil to the life which will make his soul more unjust, and good to the life which will make his soul more just; all else he will disregard. For we have seen and know that this is the best choice both in life and after death. A man must take with him into the world below an adamantine faith in truth and right, that there too he may be undazzled by the desire of wealth or the other allurements of evil, lest, coming upon tyrannies and similar villainies, he do irremediable wrongs to others and suffer yet worse himself; but let him know how to choose the mean and avoid the extremes on either side, as far as possible, not only in this life but in all that which is to come. For this is the way of happiness. And according to the report of the messenger from the other world this was what the prophet said at the time: Even for the last comer, if he chooses wisely and will live diligently, there is appointed a happy and not undesirable existence. Let not him who chooses first be careless, and let not the last despair. And when he had spoken, he who had the first choice came forward and in a moment chose the greatest tyranny; his mind having been darkened by folly and sensuality, he had not thought out the whole matter before he chose, and did not at first sight perceive that he was fated, among other evils, to devour his own children. But when he had time to reflect, and saw what was in the lot, he began to beat his breast and lament over his choice, forgetting the proclamation of the prophet; for, instead of throwing the blame of his misfortune on himself, he accused chance and the gods, and everything rather than himself. Now he was one of those who came from heaven, and in a former life had dwelt in a well-ordered State, but his virtue was a matter of habit only, and he had no philosophy. And it was true of others who were similarly overtaken, that the greater number of them came from heaven and therefore they had never been schooled by trial, whereas the pilgrims who came from earth having themselves suffered and seen others suffer, were not in a hurry to choose. And owing to this inexperience of theirs, and also because the lot was a chance, many of the souls exchanged a good destiny for an evil or an evil for a good. For if a man had always on his arrival in this world dedicated himself from the first to sound philosophy, and had been moderately fortunate in the number of the lot, he might, as the messenger reported, be happy here, and also his journey to another life and return to this, instead of being rough and underground, would be smooth and heavenly. Most curious, he said, was the spectacle—sad and laughable and strange; for the choice of the souls was in most cases based on their experience of a previous life. There he saw the soul which had once been Orpheus choosing the life of a swan out of enmity to the race of women, hating to be born of a woman because they had been his murderers; he beheld also the soul of Thamyras choosing the life of a nightingale; birds, on the other hand, like the swan and other musicians, wanting to be men. The soul which obtained the twentieth lot chose the life of a lion, and this was the soul of Ajax the son of Telamon, who would not be a man, remembering the injustice which was done him in the judgment about the arms. The next was Agamemnon, who took the life of an eagle, because, like Ajax, he hated human nature by reason of his sufferings. About the middle came the lot of Atalanta; she, seeing the great fame of an athlete, was unable to resist the temptation: and after her there followed the soul of Epeus the son of Panopeus passing into the nature of a woman cunning in the arts; and far away among the last who chose, the soul of the jester Thersites was putting on the form of a monkey. There came also the soul of Odysseus having yet to make a choice, and his lot happened to be the last of them all. Now the recollection of former toils had disenchanted him of ambition, and he went about for a considerable time in search of the life of a private man who had no cares; he had some difficulty in finding this, which was lying about and had been neglected by everybody else; and when he saw it, he said that he would have done the same had his lot been first instead of last, and that he was delighted to have it. And not only did men pass into animals, but I must also mention that there were animals tame and wild who changed into one another and into corresponding human natures—the good into the gentle and the evil into the savage, in all sorts of combinations. All the souls had now chosen their lives, and they went in the order of their choice to Lachesis, who sent with them the genius whom they had severally chosen, to be the guardian of their lives and the fulfiller of the choice: this genius led the souls first to Clotho, and drew them within the revolution of the spindle impelled by her hand, thus ratifying the destiny of each; and then, when they were fastened to this, carried them to Atropos, who spun the threads and made them irreversible, whence without turning round they passed beneath the throne of Necessity; and when they had all passed, they marched on in a scorching heat to the plain of Forgetfulness, which was a barren waste destitute of trees and verdure; and then towards evening they encamped by the river of Unmindfulness, whose water no vessel can hold; of this they were all obliged to drink a certain quantity, and those who were not saved by wisdom drank more than was necessary; and each one as he drank forgot all things. Now after they had gone to rest, about the middle of the night there was a thunderstorm and earthquake, and then in an instant they were driven upwards in all manner of ways to their birth, like stars shooting. He himself was hindered from drinking the water. But in what manner or by what means he returned to the body he could not say; only, in the morning, awaking suddenly, he found himself lying on the pyre. And thus, Glaucon, the tale has been saved and has not perished, and will save us if we are obedient to the word spoken; and we shall pass safely over the river of Forgetfulness and our soul will not be defiled. Wherefore my counsel is, that we hold fast ever to the heavenly way and follow after justice and virtue always, considering that the soul is immortal and able to endure every sort of good and every sort of evil. Thus shall we live dear to one another and to the gods, both while remaining here and when, like conquerors in the games who go round to gather gifts, we receive our reward. And it shall be well with us both in this life and in the pilgrimage of a thousand years which we have been describing. Some References for Platos Republic Suggestions based on: Oxford Bibliographies Online Ferrari, G. R. F. .Reeve, C. D. C. .White, Nicholas P. .Williams, Bernard. The Analogy of City and Soul in Platos Republic. The Sense of the Past: Essays in the History of Philosophy. Edited by Bernard Williams, 108-117. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006.

Biographical Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 851 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? My life has been characterised by some factors and challenges that have shaped my aspirations and personal life. All over my life, I have always aspired to be better than all people since I had it harder than everyone within my proximity. Being from a poor household with both of my parents unemployed presented me with many challenges. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Biographical Essay" essay for you Create order However, my parents imparted to me at childhood that college was the best choice to make something for myself. I continuously desired to be prosperous in life. Due to this fact, that one piece of advice caught in my head from the first day I was admitted in elementary school up until my present days in high school. My life has often been a struggle from not being able to pay for school materials one year, to not being able to have the funds for school clothes the subsequent. I did not allow my shortcomings prevent me from attaining my future goals; attainment of a scholarship from my dream college. As I made the next step into middle school, I ensured that all the moves that I made would lead me towards the right path. On a daily basis, I studied hard to prepare me for high school and elsewhere. Due to this, I attained excellent grades, and I had the feeling that nothing could hinder me. Up to one day when I received a phone call that my dad had passed on. Again a hard obstacle in my path, although I preserved. I allowed the life of my father to lead me through in the remaining years of my middle school, and I completed strong. My dad would not have the wish to see me fail rather continue working hard towards my goals. The death of my dad at my tender age at 12 moulded me into a stronger person. This challenge, yet very frightening gave me that additional inspiration I desired to reassure me that I was ordained for better things. Arriving at the high school was a change I thought that I was ready for, and I was miserably wrong. The curriculum was too hard for me and also the independence. I started to realise I could not be able to get the 4.0 I had attained in middle school. After that I began to think of my family and how dissatisfied they would be to see me come this far and fail to achieve my goals. I knew I was able. From this time I worked harder to retain good grades and also kept involved in school activities. At the beginning of my high school life, I got involved in opportunities that would help improve myself. I gained the opportunity to attend the Diversity Conference in New Orleans which was a major success. In that conference I interacted with many people with similar interests as mine, people struggling not to be a figure, however a successful member of the community. I learned that students from a poor background like myself could indeed excel and succeed above anything when they put their focus on it. This conference brought me closer to several other minorities like myself who struggle on a daily basis. Hearing everybodys story enlightened me about the world we are living in.   This involvement shaped me into a courageous woman and inspired me more. Looking back at all the experiences I underwent through the financial crisis, to my dad passing on, then problems in school made me understand exactly what I should do in life. I found myself aspiring to be a child therapist. Considering all the stressful situations, I had to deal with on my own made me wish that I had someone to help and guide me through most of my problems. By becoming a child, the therapist will be a good way of giving back to the community and assisting children who aspire to become better. I am somebody who indeed has many flaws. However, I wont allow them to define who I am as a person. I desire to get into my dream College and graduate. I also wish to advance in my career choice of becoming a child therapist. I wont allow anything to ruin my path in life. I often had doubts about getting into my dream college due to situations I experienced. My fighting spirit and ambition has kept me moving over the years. The desire I have to attain my goals has set me apart from everybody else. I could not be the average 4.0 student that most of the colleges look for. However, I am a strong person with great qualities. My parents have been my role model, who have inspired me. Anytime I think of quitting in my studies, I would remember their piece of advice and feel inspired to move on. I am seeking to accomplish the American dream that I have confidence in I have gained. I have overcome a lot of challenges, and I learned from all of them. If given the opportunity at this occasion, I wont be a disappointment since I will succeed despite the obstacle.

Prevention And Prevention Of Vaccination - 1405 Words

Imagine a world ravaged by disease and death. It started with one person in a remote village in Africa or Asia. Slowly the disease spread throughout the village infecting hundreds. Soon the outbreak jumps to neighboring villages and eventually towns. Thousands begin to become infected and death is not far away. As the disease starts to spread from town to city to country to continent millions begin to die. The disease is tearing through the globe, causing an epidemic and wiping out millions. Health officials warned that the disease was harmful, but first world countries were bullied into believing that their children were at risk of neurological damage that had no scientific data behind it because it seemed scary. Parents stopped having their children receive vaccines, making them susceptible to the disease and its wrath. This an extreme example of a potentially real scenario, but luckily there is a way to prevent something like this from becoming reality: vaccination. According to the United States of America Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the CDC, a vaccine is inputting a specific disease, such as Chickenpox, into the body imitating the symptoms of the real disease or infection while not actually giving the receiver the symptoms in most cases. The body then takes action by creating white blood cells as a defense which attacks and kills the infection. This then leaves extra cells that the body stores in a â€Å"library†. The body now recognizes this infection.Show MoreRelatedPrevention And Prevention Of Vaccination1417 Words   |  6 Pagesnot need a vaccination when health officials first warned of it. First world countries were bullied into believing that their children were at risk for neurological damage that had no scientific data behind it because it seemed scary. Parent s stopped having their children receive vaccines making them susceptible to the disease and its wrath. This an extreme example of a potentially real scenario, but luckily there is a way to prevent something like this from becoming reality: vaccination. AccordingRead MorePrevention And Prevention Of Vaccination1447 Words   |  6 Pagesthe general population? Before answering this question and analysing the different views on vaccination, it is important to understand exactly what vaccination is and how it works in the body. Vaccination is a form of artificial immunity that works with and jumpstarts the body’s own immune system to protect the body from various pathogenic organisms. An article by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (2013) states that to understand vaccines, it is best to first understand how the human immuneRead MoreThe Prevention Of Hpv Vaccination1995 Words   |  8 Pagesunderutilization of the HPV vaccination in the United States. While most agree that the issue deserves attentions, consensus dissolves around how to respond to the problem. This literature review examines the background of HPV, several approaches to ensuring that HPV vaccinations utilized. This paper also compares effectiveness, for females ages 12-26, of strategies and of the only vaccination approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for long term prevention of HPV, as well as consequentRead MoreVaccination For Disease Control And Prevention1499 Words   |  6 Pagesnot being vaccinated. An article by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that â€Å"The United States experienced a record number of measles cases during 2014, with 667 cases from 27 states reported to CDC s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases. This is the greatest number of cases since measles elimination was documented in the U.S. in 2000.† (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). This happened because many people are under the misconception thatRead MoreVaccinations And The Prevention Of Infectious Diseases Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesBiology, SCI120 Research Project Number 25011100 11/29/2016 VACCINATIONS â€Æ' Throughout history, vaccinations have been used to help the prevention of infectious diseases; some of which can produce serious illnesses, crippling disabilities, and ultimately be the cause of death. There is evidence of ancient culture’s attempting to treat transmittable diseases with various forms of inoculations. Developments in the research of vaccinations increased during the mid-twentieth century because of the establishedRead MorePrevention Of The Anti Vaccination Movement1472 Words   |  6 PagesIt is because of this that vaccinations are a fundamental part of society and why doctors and parents alike advocate for hand washing, hydrating, and staying home when you are ill. Disease prevention is a corner stone in today’s society and has been one for around 200 years since; Edward Jenner created and administered the first smallpox inoculation. However, while always controversial the last few centuries have proved to lend unfounded credence to the anti-vaccin ation movement. Due to the publicationRead MoreVaccination For Disease Control And Prevention911 Words   |  4 PagesThe CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) started to be to do simply that. The CDC is here to keep the U.s. from remote infection and out breaks of diverse diseases. Generally speaking its here to secure the individuals. The same tries for antibodies. Immunizations are made to ensure against infectious infection and flare-ups. They are to help contain sicknesses all through a populace. As an issue everybody is given sure immunizations that their guardians think may keep them far from creatingRead MoreVaccination Prevention And Its Effect On The Human Body1788 Words   |  8 Pagesto a decrease in morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases. The contribution of vaccination in these processes is undeniable. The high efficiency of vaccination in the prevention of communicable diseases is largely determined by the fact that the ideas of vaccination pre vention were developed by many generations of scientists and practitioners. Nevertheless, we have to meet with the opinion that vaccination (use of vaccines) are harmful to health, causes complications affect a wide variety ofRead MoreManaged Care Philosophy and Initiatives Directed at Prevention and Health Maintenance. the Nature of the Problem of Vaccinations and Access to Vaccines Relative to Prevention and Health Maintenance. the Steps Taken to1188 Words   |  5 Pagesat prevention and health maintenance within the managed health care. The manage care philosophy was designed with the intent of placing emphasis on the maintenance of health rather than performing expensive interventions. The operators of the managed care plans are paid a specific amount of money per month for each patient to provide them with a clean bill of health so to speak. It is important that these organizations put themselves in the position where they are focusing on the prevention of certainRead More Vaccinations Necessary to the Nation’s Youth Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pagesimmunizations, almost any medical doctor will promote vaccination as the most effective intervention of modern medicine which prevented more suffering and saved more lives than any other medical procedure. Epidemic diseases, such as small pox or polio, which once plagued populations of Europe only some one hundred years ago, declined more than ninety percent thanks to the medical breakthrough of immunization (Schneibner XVII). Vaccinations, clearly, enabled the near to complete eradication of diseases

Themes in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings free essay sample

1. The memoir opens with a provocative refrain: What you looking at me for? I didn’t come to stay†¦Ã¢â‚¬  What do you think this passage says about Ritie’s sense of herself? How does she feel about her place in the world? How does she keep her identity intact? In the novel, â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† by Maya Angelou it basically explains her life growing up. The main character was Maya herself whom wrote the book and she talks about the struggle and pain she had to go through as a child. She explains to us that she is really insecure about her looks and wishes that she was white.The story opens with a provocative refrain: â€Å"What you looking at me for? I didn’t come to stay †¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This passage right off the top told me that Maya’s sense of herself was that was wasn’t welcome anywhere because she automatically assumed that they looked at her in disgust and that they didn’t want her there which is why she plainly said she wasn’t there to stay. The way that she feels about her place in the world is extremely sad because she believes she should be a blonde white girl with blue eyes.I feel as though that if she can’t accept herself for who she is then no one else will either. The story gives us background information that her grandmother was very loving to her but she constantly sees how bad people she knows are being treated. I think that Maya expects everyone to dislike her for being African-American, so she does too. Maya keeps her identity intact by reminding herself who she is, and never to forget that. She describes her mother as â€Å"a hurricane in its perfect power†. She chooses to describe her mother this way due to the fact she hasn‘t been around most of Mayas life, although she looks up to her mother at the same time. Mayas mother treated her children well, although she never gave Maya a lot of her attention because Maya was always a happy girl, who seemed at peace with the world. But when Mayas mother, Vivian, discovers that her boyfriend molested Maya she kicked him out of her house right away.Vivian then cannot deal with all the trauma that came with the molestation and sends Maya and Bailey back to Stamps. I don’t think that was a very great move, since Maya obviously wasn’t in great condition either and needed her mother. Mayas grandmother on the other hand, still being a great care taker, isn’t much like Mayas mother. She shows that she cares a lot more about her grandchildren and their needs then she does her own. Mayas grandmother has a lot of faith in god. She is well known in Stamps and the residents of Stamps put her on a pedestal.Although the people most important in Mayas life are very different, they both show great love for her. 3. The author writes, â€Å"If growing up is painful for the Southern Black girl, being aware of her displacement is the rust on the razor that threatens the throat. † What do you make of the author’s portrayal of race? How do Ritie and her family cope with the racial tension that permeates their lives? Teenagers throughout the world always claim to feel like they don’t belong. Of course, everyone calls that just a phase ; as even I went through it. But what could that have been like for a southern black girl back in the day? In â€Å"I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings† the author Maya Angelou quotes â€Å"If growing up is painful for the Southern Black girl, being aware of her displacement is the rust on the razor that threatens the throat. †. This quote is a sum up of what Maya felt like in her child hood. As an adult she reminisced about how all her life she has been dealing with the thought of how others saw her and her displacement. A Southern Black girl didn’t belong in the society that she lived in.Her displacement was the rust on the razor that threatens the throat. I felt as though Maya was bringing the razor closer to her as she insulted herself a lot and brought herself down. She made herself believe that she truly didn’t belong in the world because of her appearance and giving in to what people would say about her race. Fortunately Maya and her family coped with all the racial tension in their society that permeated their lives by sticking together no matter what. All throughout it that had a faith in god and no matter what happened to them they kept their heads held high. . Throughout the book, Ritie struggles with feelings that she is â€Å"bad† and sinful†, as her thoughts echo the admonitions of her strict religious upbringing. What does she learn at the end of the memoir about right and wrong? The whole world likes to argue about what is right and wrong. No one can ever seem to decipher what the real meaning is to all of it. But we all seem to have a well enough idea of what it is. Throughout â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† by Maya Angelou, Maya struggles with all these feelings that she is a bad and sinful person.Her thoughts also echo the admonitions of her strict religious upbringing. Maya was raised to have faith in god by her grandmother of whom she called Momma. Momma was a very well behaved woman and was a good role model to all of her grandchildren. Although someone can have all the guidance in the world, it will always be up to you to take it. Maya went through hard times and some of the things that happened to her were sinful. Such as being molested and raped by her mothers boyfriend. Maya learns a great lesson at the end of the book.By the end of it all, she’s an adult with a kid and she learns that you’re doing right when you’re a good person and you make the right decisions all the time without even having to think about it twice. We all know that sometimes it’s hard to choose between doing the right thing, or the easy thing. But in the end if you really want to be a good person and come out with the best solution then you need to do what is right. Everyone must go through feeling as though they aren’t a good person and this wasn’t an exception to Maya. Although you must always remember to keep trying your best and whatever goes around, comes around. Good or bad. 5. What is the significance of the title? â€Å" I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings† by Maya Angelou has a very great significance in its title. The story is about an African-American girl who felt as though she didn’t belong, who felt as though her people weren’t free. She went through a great deal of trouble along her life only to end the book with her new baby and understanding more than she ever thought she would. The title can have a lot of interpretations to it but I found out the significance of the title from a poem. This poem was written by the same uthor and was titled â€Å"Caged Bird†. In the poem the significance of this title can be found in these lines: â€Å"The caged bird sings, with fearful trill, of the things unknown, but longed still, and a tune is heard, on the distant hill, for the caged birds sings of freedom†. Other poems talk about the theme of why a caged bird would sing. The reason that a caged bird sings is so that it can be heard, like a prayer to heaven ; for the bird to be free. Maya spent her life feeling caged in because of her society and that is the significance in the title of â€Å"I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings†. 6.What are examples of adversity-for her and other- in Maya Angelou’s story and examples of ways they coped with them? We all have to remember to continue along our path when tough times come. Great examples of these adversities can be found in Maya Angelou’s â€Å"I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings†. The main character Maya and everyone around her go through real tough times throughout the story. Naming some of the problems are how Maya lost her relationship with her brother, Bailey. Maya also almost got killed by her fathers crazy girlfriend. Maya was raped by her mothers boyfriend and had to go through all the trauma that came with that.She and her brother Bailey had to be unexpectedly raised by their grandmother because their mother Vivian left them. Bailey got kicked out of the house when he got older, and bonded a lot with his father which meant he had to deal with the violent relationship with his girlfriend. Momma had to run a store while taking care of her son who was already grown but had a disability and raise her grandchildren. There were many problems throughout this story and all the characters faced a great deal of personal problems along with the problems that society brought upon them for being African-American.They all coped with the problems by keeping their faith, and looking forward. You can’t always just look back at the problems you have but you need to keep going forward with your life and in the end all should go well. 7. What broader lessons can be learned about life, not just African-American life, in the South? In reality, there are so many lessons that need to be taught in life, but hardly anyone can truly learn them all because no one can experience everything. There are a few lessons that can be taught in the south of North America that everyone can take in and learn from.In Maya Angelou’s â€Å"I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings† I caught a glimpse of Maya and her families lives when she was younger and lived in the south. The themes of this book really explain the overall lessons taught in the story. One of the main lessons that can be taught in the south is how important equality is. The south was the main part of the United States that still had a big problem with the troubles of slavery and African Americans not being viewed as equally as Caucasians. Racism is a big problem in the world and it’s just not all White and Black.This affects all other races as well just in different parts in the world so the lesson that everyone needs to respect each other and treat each other equally isn’t just about African American life but about life in general. I think a big lesson taught in â€Å"I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings† was that over everything you can always remember that your family will always be there. In the story Maya had a great role model figure, her grandmother. Also, Mayas mother (although she isn’t perfect) really cared for her daughter deeply. Many lessons can be taught around the world, but these lessons are very vivid in the south.

Teach you repair impact crusher Parts Essay Example For Students

Teach you repair impact crusher Parts Essay Impact crusher efficiency of our friends are obvious, like the human body , like a long time, there will be some big or small issues that we need to help solve it . Here , peak Heave. W teach technicians to give you some impact crusher is often problematic parts repair methods . Preferred , impact crusher maintenance you have to Start from the hammer We start to understand the repair hammer and hammer the selection of materials , and why ? Because counterattack crusher hammer is the main consumable parts , the current multi-purpose gig manganese steel, when one side wear, can be used upside down But when the hammer was badly worn on both sides it is difficult to repair , had to replace the hammer. If at this time the shaft hole and hammer shank is not damaged, but will inevitably cause the entire hammer scrap waste. Therefore, the hammer is in use, can not let too much wear and tear on both sides , we should replace him with a high manganese steel alloy or electrode surfacing to improve wear resistance. We will write a custom essay on Teach you repair impact crusher Parts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Secondly You have to understand the crusher frame pair cast steel racks are generally not in direct contact with the material , but the chassis side machine side cover plate and is subject to the material between the chisel -type abrasive wear In addition, the rack shaft shaft hole hammer , hammer crusher after long-term work, the hole will be ground into a flat round hole, impact hammer work Fix the rack is carried out with manganese steel surfacing surfacing . Before welding , welding rod to dry after welding, the surface should be smooth , symmetrical position rack surfacing weight would be balanced otherwise it will affect the hammer work, This method is simple, the cost is higher, but the wear resistance can be increased more than I times . Hammer shaft bore wear , after annealing after welding drilling re- crossed or the rack plate combination, for buildings with holes , easy to achieve dimensional accuracy requirements. The final step is grate repair and lining repaired Impact crusher grate , due to the material impact and friction, wear is relatively fast , and some even bend and break the grate can wear welding pair , repair, should pay attention to the gap between the size of the grate . The grate can crack repair welding , repair to the attention Of the weld surface smooth. Bend and break the grate should generally be replaced with new grate . And more for high-manganese steel liner material, liner wear surfacing method can also be repaired In order to save precious manganese steel surfacing , to use the underlying structural steel welding rod , and then manganese steel surfacing electrode surface . When the wear layer is thin it can be directly evenly manganese steel surfacing electrode To save welding electrodes and time savings can be intermittent welding liner into strips and mesh , but not too close the gap discontinuity and depopulation , too dense to save limited depopulation not achieve repair.

Colors of The mountain essays

Colors of The mountain essays Colors of the Mountain takes you through the journey of a young Chinese boy by the name of Da Chen. He is growing up through one of the hardest time in Chinese history, the Cultural Revolution. The great Chairman Mao was at power, and was determined to rid China of any capitalistic views, and turn them into a true communist empire. The book demonstrates the harsh ruling and cruelty of the Commune Party. Da belongs to a family doomed by his grandfathers history. His grandfather was a landlord, and when Chairman Mao started the Cultural Revolution, he aimed greatly at people who were landlords, or people who were of a landlord family. Da and his family are put through much torture and humiliation throughout the story. His father was sent continuously to work and live at labor camps in which he was not seen or heard of by his family for quite a while. The Commune Party that was set up in Das hometown was cruel and unjust to all landlords and counterrevolutionaries. Das grandfather was sent to work at labor camps where he was often beaten and treated poorly. Even though at school Da recieves high grades his teachers and classmates tortured him. He just did not fit in being the grandson of a landlord. Da went through many tough situations and came a long way from the when he was tortured in school when he was young, until Chairman Maos death in 1976. He even ended up making it to college, which during the Cultural Revolution seemed impossible for someone with Das background. The story took place in a small town called Yellow Stone. It doesnt seem like the poorest of cities, but is no where near the major cities like Beijing and Shanghai at the time. By capturing the readers imagination, they are able to describe what it was like to live in a small town in china during the Cultural Revolution. Das family did not enjoy the middle-class luxuries that they had before the Cultural Revolution. ...

European Community Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

European Community Business Law - Essay Example The characteristics are unique and as such, the European foods with specific characteristics are only approved for production by producers who adhere fully to the traditional methods of production within a given demographic area. Essentially, the notion of PDO delineates that certain food names are protected based on geographic origin or the recipe utilized. Inherent in this notion are clear guidelines for naming the food products.1 First and foremost, PDO was instituted in 1993 as a direct result of legislation of the European Union. Under this legislation, there were clear and concise guidelines for the systematic naming of foods based on a protocol as defined by the European Union. Utilizing this systematic naming protocol, EU certifies regional and traditional foods whereby these foods are guaranteed to be authentic and to have originated from the alleged region. Under this system, foods or beverages registered through the EU are given legal protection against imitation along with the right to litigate to protect those rights2 In order for a product to be registered and the producers offered the rights that accompany registration, there must be a formal application made to the Department of environment, food and rural affairs (Defra). The application must be accompanied by supporting documentation which indicates that the food product is produced, processed and prepared within a geographic area and by virtue of this, the product has inherent characteristics that derive from the geographic area. The application is then examined by the staff of Defra and any pertinent questions may be raised and correspondence incited between the applicant and the Defra officials. If the application proves to have some merit after the Defra investigation, it is then passed on to the European Commission for further investigation. When the application reaches the European Commission, the Commission is afforded up to six months to determine the validity of the claim. In so doing, the Commission is free to seek the assistance o f the Scientific Committee which is established solely for this purpose. In offering assistance, the Scientific Committee can conduct tests and offer expert opinion with regards to the geographic origin of the product. If after consulting with the Scientific Committee, the Commission is satisfied that the product warrants PDO registration, a summary sheet of the product is published in the Official Journal of the European Community. At this point, the registration is open for objections for the next six months. If no objections are made, then the product is officially registered with the European Union and offered the status of PDO.3 This status affords the producers the following benefits: Legal protection throughout the European Union. This protection prevents the imitation of a PDO product and in cases where there is imitation, it offers litigious assistance. Increased awareness of the existence of the product and the potential to promote it both locally and throughout the European Union. Increased funding potential through the lure of public funds. Strategic product positioning at the high-end of the market. A larger customer base.4 Currently, there are twelve products which have attained the PDO designation. These products are Buxton Blue cheese, White stilton cheese - Blue stilton cheese and Dovedale cheese all of which are associated with the

Assessment one Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assessment one - Essay Example A similar holding was made in Harris 3 where the plaintiff lost his claims for loss of time and expense despite withdrawal of the advertised furniture from sale. An exception is the Carlill case 4 where an advertisement sufficiently constituted an offer to sell because it was a unilateral offer to sell to the world, which can be accepted by satisfying the condition required. Also, purchase of the product was enough consideration and the intent to be legally bound was proven by the deposit of  £1000 to the Bank. Thus, Chantelle’s advertisement is just an invitation to treat. Moreover, the exchange between Ben and Chantelle over the telephone lacks certainty and merely involves a request for information similar to Stevenson v McLean 5 where it a request for information was held not a counteroffer. Ben’s offer is only constituted the moment he wrote to Chantelle but such an offer is subject to acceptance, which did not happen. Felthouse v Bindley 6 held that acceptance must be communicated to the offeror. The lack of valid acceptance here militates against the forming of a valid

Introduction To Forensic Science

Introduction To Forensic Science Over the past decades, Forensic science has evolved and has been embraced by most states as a vital constituent of modern legal practice. It is widely used in courts as a major source for the outcome of a verdict. Forensic science has attained a merit of its own although it is relatively new in the jurisprudence world. As technology and science have evolved with time, more and new methodologies and practices in law realm have been established. In United States (U.S.) specifically, the application of utilizing forensic analysis has become a routine (James,2009). The rate at which forensic evidence is used in criminal courts depends on the type of offence. For example, for murder cases forensic science evidence is presented almost always. In criminal cases, a prosecution team commissions most of the forensic assignments. On the other hand, the legal team of the defendant can commission forensic assignments to challenge or check the prosecutions forensic evidence or to determine the innocence of the defendant. Forensic evidence has enabled to link offenders to their victims and crime scenes using physical evidence and also in identifying individuals without peer. With perspiration, a fleck of blood, saliva on a cups rim, a piece of hair among others has been successfully used to link a suspect to a crime. Innocent and wrongly accused individuals have been exonerated using such evidences. Persons who have been jailed for years have later been exonerated after DNA analysis has been carried out to prove their innocence. To yield positive results, crime laboratories have enforced professionalism, adopted reliable procedures and coordinated with both the legal and the scientific communities. Presently, for a scientific system to be accepted before a court, the evidence derived from it does not have to go through a prescribed test. For future admissibility of scientific evidence in court to be shaped, development of more newer and advanced forensic tools and techniques is being embraced as technology and time progresses. Thus, courts are increasingly relying more on scientific evidence to deliver a judgment. Problems Associated with Forensic Science and DNA Evidence. Evidences of forensic science should always be neutral. Scientists should not have any stake in the case outcome though this is not always the case. Numerous deficiencies have threatened to limit forensic services to the society and have therefore weakened its presumed scientific foundation. Below are some of the major problems in forensic science and DNA testing: Astounding Frequency of Cross-Contamination and Sample Mix-Ups A surprisingly high rate of errors in the laboratory is one of the emerging problems which involves cross-contamination and mix-up of DNA samples. Such errors appear to be persistent and crop up even in the accredited DNA labs. The forensic scientists though have managed to reduce such instances and thus the rate of DNA testing errors have been claimed to be low thus negligible, but growing evidence suggests otherwise. Bad Laboratories Uneven state of forensic DNA labs is another recognized chronic problem. Labs differ significantly in the care with which they authenticate their methods and the severity with which they are carried out. Procedures that are followed religiously in quality assurance and quality control in some laboratories are disregarded or followed constantly in others. Bad laboratories have always been there but detection of their shoddy work has always been complex (Neubauer, 2009),. This is because such labs are in jurisdictions which have traditionally safeguarded crime labs from external examination. For example according to Strutin: It is now recognized that the Houston Police Department (HPD) Crime laboratory did grossly inadequate incompetent and biased DNA and serology work for well over a decade before a team of television journalists exposed the problems in late 2002. Dishonest DNA Analysts Test results are at times falsified by deceitful DNA Analysts. This emerging problem has led to the analysts faking test outcome to cover up errors that come up from sample mix-ups and cross-contamination of DNA samples. Connecting the evidence and the suspect Nuclear DNA analysis being an exception, there is no other forensic method that has severely shown the capacity to persistently, with a high degree of assurance, exhibit a connection between a specific individual or source and the evidence. For instance, fingerprint analyses have more available research and conventional protocols than for bite marks analysis. There are also notable variations within the disciplines. For instance, all fingerprints evidence is not equally good reason being that the determination of a true value evidence is the latent fingerprint image quality. These disparities within and between the forensic systems disciplines bring to light a serious problem in the forensic community. Inadequate legal counsel is another major problem DNA testing will not solve. In some instances, defense counsel never consulted scientific experts. DNA Analysis in the forensic science is taking a slow speed on its road to admissibility. Insufficient funds are evident in certain jurisdictions and they therefore cannot send evidence items to private labs or establish own lab. Labs that perform tests have often had backlogs measured in months. A great burden is imposed by defense counsel, prosecutors and courts on labs time in discovery battles that often transpire when there are upcoming new techniques on forensic scenes. Though valuable forensic DNA evidence can be found in decades old samples, the DNA left in scenes of crime can be affected by factors like: sunlight, bacteria, moisture and heat among others. As a result, such DNA may not be used to give evidence and just like the fingerprints, analysts will not use DNA testing to give the time period when a suspect was at the scene of crime or at what time the suspect was there. Exoneration Based on DNA Evidence Cases that would have been impossible to prosecute before the arrival of DNA typing are now prosecuted. A number of states created DNA data bases on offenders that are known which they compare against unsettled crimes. Matches are provided from their databases which assist to successfully prosecute a handful of them. Persons wrongly convicted are exonerated by use of DNA which is termed as a legislative reform movement. Convictions can be successfully challenged using DNA analysis on existing evidence. To ensure that testimony and results can withstand rigorous examination and that they are of high caliber, high standards are maintained for the collection and preserving of evidence. DNA methodology of testing must also meet precise scientific criteria for accuracy and reliability. In future, we expect miniaturized portable instrumentation to provide crime scene analysis that will be computer-link remote analysis. This will allow quick identification and rapid elimination of innocent suspects. Availability of markers will also be needed to identify physical qualities of the DNA contributor. Using this information, it will be easy to narrow a suspect search with increase in efficiency and accuracy of operation. Conclusion It is clear that the United States justice system depends on the use of natural science-based forensic evidence, and admissibility is simply one of the steps evidence must satisfy to be utilized in the justice system. In the near future, it is very likely that the admissibility of science as evidence will be challenged in the United States Supreme Court as technology develops and allows researchers to gain precise results and understanding of the human body. At the present, it is too early to determine whether the Federal Rules of Evidence are outdated, however this does not mean that the construct of the legislation should not be reexamined. Forensic analysis, though controversial in many aspects, constitutes a primary source of information for the tier of fact when determining a verdict for a case. Thus, natural science-based forensic evidence should be carefully studied and examined thoroughly in order for justice to be properly achieved.

Death of a salesman :: essays research papers

Instability Lead Life to Its End The character Willy Loman from the play Death of a Salesman has been read throughout the years with distinct interpretations. Many people have given different reasons to what led to Willy’s tragic fate. One interpretation I took was that Willy’s instability in his life led to his death. Some point that led in to my interpretation were his early family life, his relationship with Biff, and his job.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Willy’s early family life was a difficult one with its many inconsistencies. In Willy’s early childhood his father left; this left him with many questions about his father and how to be a father. In one scene we see Willy talking to Ben and Willy voices questions and comments about when their father left. Willy asks â€Å"Where is Dad?† and says â€Å"Dad left when I was such a baby and I never had a chance to talk to him.† Willy also voices his concerns about being a father. He says â€Å"sometimes I’m afraid that I’m not teaching them the right kind of—Ben, how should I teach them?† In this early life Willy and his family move around a lot. People and places changed around them fairly swiftly. Another inconsistency in his early family life was his relationship with his brother, Ben. Ben left Willy without looking back. Ben comes in and out of Willy’s life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Willy’s relationship with Biff has its highs and lows throughout the play making it difficult to establish a feel for their feeling towards each other. In the eyes of an early Biff there is nothing but love and devotion towards his father. Even Willy says Biff would â€Å"go into the jaws of hell for me†. This type of affections changes after Biff finds out about his father’s infidelity. Biff loses total respect for his father and calls Willy a â€Å"liar† and a â€Å"fake†. Willy saw early Biff as being a son he could be proud of with all Biff’s football victories and successes with girls. As time passes and Biff comes home from the west it is evident that Willy no longer feels pride towards Biff. Biff has no job and wasn’t making much money at his last job therefore Willy feels no pride towards Biff. Near the end of the play Willy’s feelings towards Biff change once again. Willy comes to believe that Biff l oves him. Willy starts to says things like â€Å"that boy is going to be magnificent†.

The Gift of the Magi Analysis Base on Mla Format

Name Subject Lecturer Date Sacrifice Della and Jim as a Young Married Couple in â€Å"The Gift of the Magi† By O. Henry William Sydney Porter who also known by his pen name O. Henry. He was born on September 11, 1862 in Greensboro, North Carolina. O. Henry was an american author that always make excellent literary’s work with twist plot, suprising ending and irony as his style and usually his works also inspired by social live or condition. The several famous O.Henry works like  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Ransom of Red Chief, â€Å"The Furnished Room† and â€Å"The Gift of the Magi. † The Gift of the Magi to tell about a young married couple (Della and Jim) who to face the economic crisis in their live. They supposed to buy a prize for the Christmas Eve, but they just have bit money. Della who have a beautiful hair and Jim have a precious clock, finally Della’s sell her hair, and buy an expensive chain for Jim’s clock, and Jim sell his precious clock and h e changes it into an expensive hair accessories.The gift of the magi who setting when Chrismast Eve, with the main characters Della and Jim, the theme about a young marriage couple who to test their love in the Chrismast Eve, and the irony happens at the time they gift their present for each others. In this work O. Henry describe about young couple married, Della and Jim still young but they will become an adult when they’re try to solve their own problem. O.Henry describes the character Jim have a mature think, likewise Della’s, Della character is not an egoist wife, and an understanding wife and also she try to not bothered his husband otherwise she really helps Jim with : â€Å"Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing implied. Three times Della counted it. † Della’s understand their economic condition, and that’s way she help her husband.And how about Jim? Jim is a sample of husband who has a duty to make his wife happy; he’s a hard working man. He is also selling his precious clock to give Della Chrismast present with an expensive hair accessories. O. Henry makes a solving Della and Jim problems are, Della finally find how the way she can give her husband a prize, she’s sells her beautiful wave hair, and then she buy her husband and likewise with Jim. They immolate their precious things to give a present in the Chistmast Eve.Then in the relationship of marriage needs an understanding feeling without this feeling the relationship will be broken moreover they are still young couple, many young couples who have egoistic characters because they still young and difficult to control their emotions and finally get divorce is the best solution . But, differ to Della and Jim, they look so mature person when their face into trouble life, they have sacrifice love: â€Å"De ll,† said he, â€Å"let's put our Christmas presents away and keep 'em a while. They're too nice to use just at present. I sold the watch to get the money to buy your combs. And now suppose you put the chops on. In this works O. Henry likes neutral when describe their both characters. He’s use the feminism and heroic fenomens in describing each character. Della a strong woman and Jim a sincere man. They sincerity and their sacrifice love suitable as an example to the others young married couples. Works Cited Henry, O. â€Å"The gift of the magi. † Web. 19 Dec. 2012. Henry, O. â€Å"The gift of the magi. † Theme. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. Henry ,O. â€Å"Wikipedia. † Web. 19 Dec. 2012.

General Labour Affects On The Gross Domestic Product

Canada may be headed into a recession. The economy contracted 0.6% in the first quarter of 2015. The forecast for the year is 2.0%. The central bank cut interest rates from 1.0% to 0.5%. That may only aggravate a housing bubble. The government could spend more, but the debt-to-GDP ratio is an already-high 92%. In this paper I am going to be focusing on general labour and how it coincides with Canada’s economy. So far general labour has been helping the Canadian economy grow and become stronger but for 2015, this has not been the case. The three things focused on in this report are general labour affects on the gross domestic product (GDP), inflation and unemployment. These three things are the base of the Canadian economy. Without these†¦show more content†¦For example, 62% of the job vacancies were in this province. This is bad for GDP because if there is a decline in general a laborer work, it is only a matter of time that Canada’s GDP will also decline due t o the decrease in demand for those workers. Businesses that need general laborer workers will look for workers in other countries. These businesses will be exporting labour to other countries that have the general labour staff they desire and will be contributing to their GDP growth. Since the general laborers are outside Canada, most of our finished goods will be exported into Canada. This will lead to the loss of more jobs and the decline of our GDP. The primary and secondary sectors are increasingly dominated by automation, and the demand for workforce numbers falls in these sectors. This may be good because this will increase productivity and help business save costs. Sadly, the replacement of human works for these automated machines is eliminating more jobs for Canadians. More Canadians will need to find jobs elsewhere, which will only hurt the GDP because those without work will rely on government assistance until they find employment. Inflation Inflation is the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising and the purchasing power of currency is falling. Canada is currently has an inflation rate of 1%. As Canadians, we have a goal of keeping out inflation rate